Moreover, A Travers Survey forms the Structure in which a number of connected survey lines measure. The directions and lengths of the survey lines with the help of an angle Assessing Implement and tape or chain, Correspondingly.
Similarly, Traverses are structures that form a series of straight lines that know the value of a number of directions and lengths.
There are two types of travers survey They are:
(A) Closed traverses
(B) Open traverses
(A) Closed traverses:– Additionally, we call a closed circle a circle that starts from a certain point, turns around at different points, ends at the starting point, and creates a limited area.
(B) Open Traverse:- We name an open Encasing an Encasing that Initiates at a specific station and Concludes at another station point. Rather than Completing at the starting point.
But also, The closed Journey is Appropriate for Finding the Frontiers of lakes, woods, etc. and for a survey of large areas.
Similarly, The open Passage is Appropriate for surveying a long narrow strip of land as required for a road of the canal or the Shoreline.
In fact, the second phase of the travers survey. We Nominate a relatively small Boundary with an average area of 20 square miles within the main Margin for the Accessibility of work. Furthermore, We refer to this small Outline as a Outline.
Similarly, Actual Northline with the help of Zodiacal Noticings. Specifically, Determining the actual bearing of the arms of the Crossings determines the area.
Likewise, Computing the Paralleland Longitudinal of the arms by Computing them Regularly in the Passage array of the main scale. Drafting the Circumference structure according to the individual Position through necessary Amendments.
However, The last task of the Crossing team is to make Structure map or P-60 seat with mouza or pram fence. They call the village Gher. To finish the station point, they bury hard bamboo poles by marking the border near the outer Borderline.
Specifically, They determine the length of the arms of the Explorations and which ones are Assessed and written in the field. Book with the help of chains or Superior tape based on the structure of the Enveloped. Enclosing according to the type of situation of the mouza Perimeter. Knox scale: 18 ” = 1 mile, 32 ” = 1 and mile, 64 ” = 1 mile- the design of the mouza thus prepared The structure design is called. The employee/officer engaged in the Exhaustive survey work receives the design.
But also, The main purpose of the Expeditions survey is to prepare the structure design of each village or mouza survey area. The location of a sufficient number of vowel points is traversed at traversing. Similarly, If the original structure design is not correct then the Exhaustive design cannot be recise at all.
In fact, There are several methods of Tracking, Resting on the Equipment used in Ascertaining the relative directions of the Progressions lines. The following are the principal methods:
1. Chain traversing
2. Chain and compass traversing
Moreover, We call the method in which the whole work is done with chain and tape ‘chain traversing. No angle measurement is used, and linear measurements entirely fix the directions of the lines Angles fixed by linear or tie measurements are referred to as chain angles.
Similarly, People generally use the method if angle measuring instruments such as a compass, sextant, or theodolite are available, as it is unsuitable for accurate work.
But also, In chain and compass traversing, a compass is used to measure the magnetic bearings of the survey lines. The lengths of the lines are measured with either a chain or a tape.
Additionally, They establish the direction of the magnetic meridian at each traverse station independently. It is also known as the tree or loose needle method.
Similarly, They call the method in which the magnetic bearings of traverse lines are measured by a theodolite fitted with a compass ‘traversing by fast needle method’. Furthermore, They do not establish the direction of the magnetic meridian at each station but instead.
Additionally, They measure the magnetic bearings of the lines with a reference so that the direction of the magnetic meridian is established at the first station. As a result, There are three methods of observing the bearings of lines by fast needle method.
1. Direct method with transiting,
2. Direct method without transiting,
3. Back bearing method.
Indeed this method, a theodolite directly measures the angles between the lines, and the magnetic bearings of other lines can be calculated. Likewise, The angles measured at different stations may be either.
1. Included Angles and
2. Deflection Angles
Moreover, At a station, you can measure either of the two angles formed by two survey lines meeting there, and you should measure these angles clockwise. Similarly, The method consists simply of measuring each angle directly from a back sight on the preceding station.
You may also measure the angles by repetition. The angles measured from the back station may be interior or exterior depending on the direction of progress.
In Fig(a) the direction of progress is counter-clockwise and so the angles measured clockwise are the interior angle. In fact Fig(a) the direction of progress is clockwise and so the angles measured clockwise are the exterior angle.
Additionally, deflection angle is an angle in which a survey line makes with the prolongation of the preceding line. Similarly, You designate it as right (R) or left (L) based on whether you measure it clockwise or counterclockwise from the prolongation of the previous line.
But also, This type of traversing is more suitable for the survey of roads, railways, pipelines, etc where the survey lines make small deflection angles.
The errors involved in closed traversing are two kinds:
1. Linear Error and
2. Angular Error
Moreover, The most satisfactory method of checking the linear measurements consists of chaining each survey line a second time. Preferably in the reverse direction on different dates and by different parties. Likewise, The following are checks for the angular work:
The sum of measured interior angles should be equal to (2N-4), where N=number of sides of the traverse.
When measuring the exterior angles, their sum should be equal to (2N-4)π/2.
However, The algebraic sum of the deflection angles should be equal to 360 degree taking the right hand and deflection angles as a positive and left-hand angle as negative.
The force bearing of the last line should be equal to its back bearing 180 degree measured from the initial station.
No direct checks of angular measurements are available. Additionally, You can make indirect checks. As shown in Figure (a), in addition to observing the bearing of AB at station A, you can also measure the bearing of AD if possible.
Likewise, at point D, you can measure the bearing of DA and apply a check. Similarly, If the two bearings differ by 180 degrees, you may accept the work as correct.
Furthermore, Another method, which provides a check when plotting the work. Shown in Figure (b) and involves reading the bearing to a prominent point P from each of the consecutive stations.
The check-in plotting consists in laying off the lines AP, BP, CP, etc, and noting whether the lines pass through one point.
Traversing is the type of survey in which a number of connected survey lines form the framework and the directions and lengths of the survey lines are measured with the help of an angle measuring instrument and tape or chain respectively.
Traverses are structures that form a series of straight lines that know the value of a number of directions and lengths.
Why?
কেন?
Start Your Project Now
We reply within 24 hours
Have any questions?
Saturday-Thursday, 9am until 6pm
Sonar Bangla Survey Consultants is one of Bangladesh’s premier digital land surveying firms, renowned for delivering top-quality services since 2013. Staffed with highly skilled survey engineers, all graduates from prestigious government institutions, the company excels in precision, reliability, and innovation. Specializing in digital land surveys and comprehensive land planning, Sonar Bangla Survey Consultants supports private and public sector developments, consistently helping clients maximize the potential of their projects. With a strong track record of success, they have earned the trust of hundreds of satisfied clients by uncovering valuable opportunities and delivering unmatched service quality.
© 2024, Sonar Bangla Survey Consultants. All rights reserved.